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"The #1
Pollution Problem in America is Indoor Pollution "U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency".
Modern buildings are constructed so tightly that odors and
pollutants are trapped inside. Nature’s own cleansing process,
which uses both activated oxygen and negative ions are left
outside. Dust, pollen, molds, mildew, bacteria and viruses can
fill the air in our living spaces. These can cause odors,
irritation and allergic response. Fumes from paints, cleansers,
carpets, pressed board, fabrics and other chemicals are also
breathed in daily by you and your family. According to the EPA,
many pollutants in the typical home or office are at least 10
times higher than in outdoor air. The average American spends
90% of their time indoors.
A Person Takes Over 20,000 Breaths Each Day.
Have you ever walked into someone’s home and noticed an odor
that you are not accustomed to? Odors are constantly created in
the spaces where we live. Finding a simple solution to clean air
is not always easy.
Air Filters Are Only Part of the Solution.
As air passes through a filter, small particles that are
floating in the air are trapped. This is helpful in reducing
particles such as dust, pollen and dander but is only part of
the solution. Most gases and odors pass right through even the
best HEPA filters.
"We get 60% of our energy from the air we breathe."
Waterfalls are a good example of nature creating negative
ions.
Negative Ions cause dust and other particles to fall out of the
air. Most indoor particles that are airborne tend to be
positively charged. Negative ions will give some of the
particles a negative charge. The positive and negative particles
then combine with each other, become heavy and fall to the
ground.
Nature is constantly creating negative ions to clear the air.
Some examples are waterfalls, waves crashing on the beach and
changes in the weather.
Activated Oxygen breaks down odors and other pollutants at
their source.
Nature has many ways to produce activated oxygen, a natural air
cleaner. For example, we’ve all taken a walk after a
thunderstorm and experienced the clean, fresh smell in the air.
That’s ozone, or activated oxygen, at work. Normal oxygen O2
is converted to O3, which is commonly called ozone or activated
oxygen. O3 will break down odors and other contaminates.
What do you
know about HEPA Filters?
Here Are Some Interesting
Facts About HEPA Filters:
High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, formerly called
high-efficiency particulate arrestors, are a further extension
of extended-surface media filters. HEPA filters were originally
developed during World War II to prevent discharge of
radioactive particles from nuclear reactor facility exhausts.
They have since become a vital technology in industrial,
medical, and military clean rooms and have grown in popularity
for use in portable residential air cleaners.
A HEPA filter has been traditionally defined as an
extended-surface dry-type filter having a minimum particle
removal efficiency of 99.97% for all particles of 0.3 micron
diameter with higher efficiency for both larger and smaller
particles. This rating is determined using a test challenge
smoke that consists of particles of 0.3 micron average diameter.
To qualify as a "true" HEPA, the filter must allow no
more than 3 particles out of 10,000 to penetrate the filtration
media. The filtering media of a HEPA filter is made of
submicronic glass fibers in a thickness and texture very similar
to blotter paper. More recently, filters made in the same
physical style using less efficient filter paper are being
referred to as HEPA filters or "HEPA-type" filters.
Their actual efficiency may be 55% or less at 0.3 microns.
While still very good filters when compared to conventional
panel type and even extended-media pocket filters, these
versions of the original HEPA filter have higher airflow, lower
efficiency, and lower cost than their original version. The true
HEPA has very high pressure drop performance and both versions
require prefiltration for maximum life cycle. Also, HEPA filters
are generally not applied to residential HVAC systems due to
their size and horsepower requirements.
A disadvantage of HEPA filters is that the need for a powerful
fan leads to increased energy costs compared to less efficient
filtration systems, and replacement filters are generally quite
expensive (retail prices range from $50 to $100, depending on
size). The major advantages of the original HEPA filters,
however, include high efficiency, which actually increases with
use, and a long maintenance-free life cycle of up to five years
when used with a prefilter. Additionally, the 1990 review of
indoor air pollutants and environmental controls published by
the American Thoracic Society (1990) concludes that:
"High-efficiency particulate filters (HEPA) are highly
efficient in removing particles of a wide range of size. A
room-size unit will control particles in that room, and a
central unit will remove particles from the air of the building
when the ventilation system is operating."
What do you
know about Mold?
What is mold?
There are thousands of types of molds and yeast, the two groups
of plants in the fungus family. Yeasts are single cells that
divide to form clusters. Molds consist of many cells that grow
as branching threads called hyphae. Although both groups can
probably cause allergic reactions, only a small number of molds
are widely recognized offenders.
The seeds or reproductive particles of fungi are called spores.
They differ in size, shape, and color among species. Each spore
that germinates can give rise to new mold growth, which in turn
can produce millions of spores.
What is mold allergy? When inhaled, microscopic
fungal spores or, sometimes, fragments of fungi may cause
allergic rhinitis. Because they are so small, mold spores may
evade the protective mechanisms of the nose and upper
respiratory tract to reach the lungs.
In a small number of people, symptoms of mold allergy may be
brought on or worsened by eating certain foods, such as cheeses,
processed with fungi. Occasionally, mushrooms, dried fruits, and
foods containing yeast, soy sauce, or vinegar will produce
allergic symptoms. There is no known relationship, however,
between a respiratory allergy to the mold Penicillin and an
allergy to the drug penicillin, made from the mold.
Where do molds grow? Molds can be found wherever
there is moisture, oxygen, and a source of the few other
chemicals they need. In the fall they grow on rotting logs and
fallen leaves, especially in moist, shady areas. In gardens,
they can be found in compost piles and on certain grasses and
weeds. Some molds attach to grains such as wheat, oats, barley,
and corn, making farms, grain bins, and silos likely places to
find mold.
Hot spots of mold growth in the home include damp basements and
closets, bathrooms (especially shower stalls), places where
fresh food is stored, refrigerator drip trays, house plants, air
conditioners, humidifiers, garbage pails, mattresses,
upholstered furniture, and old foam rubber pillows.
Bakeries, breweries, barns, dairies, and greenhouses are
favorite places for molds to grow. Loggers, mill workers,
carpenters, furniture repairers, and upholsterers often work in
moldy environments.
Which molds are allergenic? Like pollens, mold
spores are important airborne allergens only if they are
abundant, easily carried by air currents, and allergenic in
their chemical makeup. Found almost everywhere, mold spores in
some areas are so numerous they often outnumber the pollens in
the air. Fortunately, however, only a few dozen different types
are significant allergens.
In general, Alternaria and Cladosporium (Hormodendrum) are the
molds most commonly found both indoors and outdoors throughout
the United States. Aspergillus, Penicillium, Helminthosporium,
Epicoccum, Fusarium, Mucor, Rhizopus, and Aureobasidium (Pullularia)
are also common.
Are mold counts helpful? Similar to pollen counts,
mold counts may suggest the types and relative quantities of
fungi present at a certain time and place. For several reasons,
however, these counts probably cannot be used as a constant
guide for daily activities. One reason is that the number and
types of spores actually present in the mold count may have
changed considerably in 24 hours because weather and spore
dispersal are directly related. Many of the common allergenic
molds are of the dry spore type -- they release their spores
during dry, windy weather. Other fungi need high humidity, fog,
or dew to release their spores. Although rain washes many larger
spores out of the air, it also causes some smaller spores to be
shot into the air.
In addition to the effect of day-to-day weather changes on mold
counts, spore populations may also differ between day and night.
Day favors dispersal by dry spore types and night favors wet
spore types.
Are there other mold-related disorders? Fungi or
microorganisms related to them may cause other health problems
similar to allergic diseases. Some kinds of Aspergillus may
cause several different illnesses, including both infections and
allergy. These fungi may lodge in the airways or a distant part
of the lung and grow until they form a compact sphere known as a
"fungus ball." In people with lung damage or serious
underlying illnesses, Aspergillus may grasp the opportunity to
invade the lungs or the whole body.
In some individuals, exposure to these fungi also can lead to
asthma or to a lung disease resembling severe inflammatory
asthma called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. This
latter condition, which occurs only in a minority of people with
asthma, is characterized by wheezing, low-grade fever, and
coughing up of brown-flecked masses or mucus plugs. Skin
testing, blood tests, X-rays, and examination of the sputum for
fungi can help establish the diagnosis. Corticosteroid drugs are
usually effective in treating this reaction; immunotherapy
(allergy shots) are not helpful. |